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In Egyptian mythology,
Serket (also spelt Serket-hetyt, Selket, Selkis, Selchis, and
Selkhit) was originally the deification of the scorpion. Scorpion
stings lead to paralysis, and Serket's name describes this,
as it means (one who) tightens the throat. However, Serket's
name can also be read as meaning (one who) causes the throat
to breath, and so, as well as being seen as stinging the unrighteous,
Serket was seen as one who could cure scorpion stings, and other
poisons, such as snake bites.
In art, Serket was shown as a scorpion, or as a woman with
a scorpion on her head, and although Serket doesn't appear
to have had temples, she had a sizable priesthood. The most
dangerous species of scorpion resides in North Africa, and
its sting can kill, so Serket was considered a highly important
goddess, and was sometimes considered by pharaohs to be their
patron. As the protector against poisons, and snake bites,
Serket was often said to protect the gods from Apep, the great
snake-god of evil, sometimes acting as the guard when Apep
was captured.
As many of the venomous creatures of Egypt could prove fatal,
Serket was also considered a protector of the dead, particularly
being associated with poisons, and fluids causing stiffening.
She was thus said to be the protector of the tents of embalmers,
and of the canopic jar associated with poison the jar
of the small intestine which was deified as Qebehsenuf,
one of the Four sons of Horus.
As the guard of one of the canopic jars, and a protector,
Serket gained a strong association with Aset (Isis),
and Nebet Het (Nephthys), who also
performed a similar function. Eventually, long into Egyptian
history, Serket began to be identified as Isis,
sharing imagery, and parentage, until, finally, Serket became
said to be merely an aspect of Isis.
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